3,583 research outputs found
Negation in Low Katu
In Low Katu (or Western Katu; ISO 639-3: kuf) there are five common words used to mark negation: kah, məʔ, jɨəʔ, ˀɛh and ˀɔːʔ. This variety in negators hints at differential syntactic or semantic uses. In this paper I illustrate the syntactic properties of these negators and, where possible, describe what semantic or pragmatic backgrounds they might have. I do this by comparing negative sentences from Katu folk tales and stories and investigating how they behave with respect to the typology of negation. Understanding the negation of Low Katu can unveil aspects on the scarcely researched syntactic behavior of this language, for instance on the position of verbs. This paper is intended to be the groundwork for further, more corpus-based research on negation or other grammatical aspects of Low Katu
The Five Planets in the Kepler-296 Binary System All Orbit the Primary: A Statistical and Analytical Analysis
Kepler-296 is a binary star system with two M-dwarf components separated by
0.2 arcsec. Five transiting planets have been confirmed to be associated with
the Kepler-296 system; given the evidence to date, however, the planets could
in principle orbit either star. This ambiguity has made it difficult to
constrain both the orbital and physical properties of the planets. Using both
statistical and analytical arguments, this paper shows that all five planets
are highly likely to orbit the primary star in this system. We performed a
Markov-Chain Monte Carlo simulation using a five transiting planet model,
leaving the stellar density and dilution with uniform priors. Using importance
sampling, we compared the model probabilities under the priors of the planets
orbiting either the brighter or the fainter component of the binary. A model
where the planets orbit the brighter component, Kepler-296A, is strongly
preferred by the data. Combined with our assertion that all five planets orbit
the same star, the two outer planets in the system, Kepler-296 Ae and
Kepler-296 Af, have radii of 1.53 +/- 0.26 and 1.80 +/- 0.31 R_earth,
respectively, and receive incident stellar fluxes of 1.40 +/- 0.23 and 0.62 +/-
0.10 times the incident flux the Earth receives from the Sun. This level of
irradiation places both planets within or close to the circumstellar habitable
zone of their parent star.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
Resolving parameter degeneracies in long-baseline experiments by atmospheric neutrino data
In this work we show that the physics reach of a long-baseline (LBL) neutrino
oscillation experiment based on a superbeam and a megaton water Cherenkov
detector can be significantly increased if the LBL data are combined with data
from atmospheric neutrinos (ATM) provided by the same detector. ATM data are
sensitive to the octant of and to the type of the neutrino mass
hierarchy, mainly through three-flavor effects in e-like events. This allows to
resolve the so-called - and sign()-parameter
degeneracies in LBL data. As a consequence it becomes possible to distinguish
the normal from the inverted neutrino mass ordering at CL from a
combined LBL+ATM analysis if . The potential
to identify the true values of and the CP-phase
is significantly increased through the lifting of the
degeneracies. These claims are supported by a detailed simulation of the T2K
(phase II) LBL experiment combined with a full three-flavor analysis of ATM
data in the HyperKamiokande detector.Comment: 25 pages, 10 figure
Energy Budget of Cosmological First-order Phase Transitions
The study of the hydrodynamics of bubble growth in first-order phase
transitions is very relevant for electroweak baryogenesis, as the baryon
asymmetry depends sensitively on the bubble wall velocity, and also for
predicting the size of the gravity wave signal resulting from bubble
collisions, which depends on both the bubble wall velocity and the plasma fluid
velocity. We perform such study in different bubble expansion regimes, namely
deflagrations, detonations, hybrids (steady states) and runaway solutions
(accelerating wall), without relying on a specific particle physics model. We
compute the efficiency of the transfer of vacuum energy to the bubble wall and
the plasma in all regimes. We clarify the condition determining the runaway
regime and stress that in most models of strong first-order phase transitions
this will modify expectations for the gravity wave signal. Indeed, in this
case, most of the kinetic energy is concentrated in the wall and almost no
turbulent fluid motions are expected since the surrounding fluid is kept mostly
at rest.Comment: 36 pages, 14 figure
Site-selective tagging of proteins by pnictogen-mediated self-assembly
Site-selective chemical protein modification is achieved by self-assembly of a specific di-cysteine motif, trivalent pnictogens (As, Sb or Bi) and an aromatic mercaptomethyl-based probe. The strategy is demonstrated with a quaternary complex involving Zika virus protease and a lanthanide ion, enabling paramagnetic nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and luminescence measurements.Financial support by the Australian Research Council is gratefully acknowledge
Influence of static electric fields on an optical ion trap
We recently reported on a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating optical
trapping of an ion in a single-beam dipole trap superimposed by a static
electric potential [Nat. Photonics 4, 772--775 (2010)]. Here, we first discuss
the experimental procedures focussing on the influence and consequences of the
static electric potential. These potentials can easily prevent successful
optical trapping, if their configuration is not chosen carefully. Afterwards,
we analyse the dipole trap experiments with different analytic models, in which
different approximations are applied. According to these models the
experimental results agree with recoil heating as the relevant heating effect.
In addition, a Monte-Carlo simulation has been developed to refine the
analysis. It reveals a large impact of the static electric potential on the
dipole trap experiments in general. While it supports the results of the
analytic models for the parameters used in the experiments, the analytic models
cease their validity for significantly different parameters. Finally, we
propose technical improvements for future realizations of experiments with
optically trapped ions.Comment: 16 pages, 16 figure
Hydrodynamic obstruction to bubble expansion
We discuss a hydrodynamic obstruction to bubble wall acceleration during a
cosmological first-order phase transition. The obstruction results from the
heating of the plasma in the compression wave in front of the phase transition
boundary. We provide a simple criterion for the occurrence of the obstruction
at subsonic bubble wall velocity in terms of the critical temperature, the
phase transition temperature, and the latent heat of the model under
consideration. The criterion serves as a sufficient condition of subsonic
bubble wall velocities as required by electroweak baryogenesis.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures; comments and reference added, published versio
Production of Gravitational Waves in the nMSSM
During a strongly first-order phase transition gravitational waves are
produced by bubble collisions and turbulent plasma motion. We analyze the
relevant characteristics of the electroweak phase transition in the nMSSM to
determine the generated gravitational wave signal. Additionally, we comment on
correlations between the production of gravitational waves and baryogenesis. We
conclude that the gravitational wave relic density in this model is generically
too small to be detected in the near future by the LISA experiment. We also
consider the case of a "Standard Model" with dimension-six Higgs potential,
which leads to a slightly stronger signal of gravitational waves.Comment: 29 pages, 7 figures; published version, some comments adde
Limits on Superconductivity-Related Magnetization in SrRuO and PrOsSb from Scanning SQUID Microscopy
We present scanning SQUID microscopy data on the superconductors Sr2RuO4 (Tc
= 1.5 K) and PrOsSb (Tc = 1.8 K). In both of these materials,
superconductivity-related time-reversal symmetry-breaking fields have been
observed by muon spin rotation; our aim was to visualize the structure of these
fields. However in neither SrRuO nor PrOsSb do we observe
spontaneous superconductivity-related magnetization. In SrRuO, many
experimental results have been interpreted on the basis of a
superconducting order parameter. This order parameter is expected to give
spontaneous magnetic induction at sample edges and order parameter domain
walls. Supposing large domains, our data restrict domain wall and edge fields
to no more than ~0.1% and ~0.2% of the expected magnitude, respectively.
Alternatively, if the magnetization is of the expected order, the typical
domain size is limited to ~30 nm for random domains, or ~500 nm for periodic
domains.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Real-time tracking using stereo and motion: Visual perception for space robotics
The state-of-the-art in computing technology is rapidly attaining the performance necessary to implement many early vision algorithms at real-time rates. This new capability is helping to accelerate progress in vision research by improving our ability to evaluate the performance of algorithms in dynamic environments. In particular, we are becoming much more aware of the relative stability of various visual measurements in the presence of camera motion and system noise. This new processing speed is also allowing us to raise our sights toward accomplishing much higher-level processing tasks, such as figure-ground separation and active object tracking, in real-time. This paper describes a methodology for using early visual measurements to accomplish higher-level tasks; it then presents an overview of the high-speed accelerators developed at Teleos to support early visual measurements. The final section describes the successful deployment of a real-time vision system to provide visual perception for the Extravehicular Activity Helper/Retriever robotic system in tests aboard NASA's KC135 reduced gravity aircraft
- …